Cardiac, Lung and eFAST POCUS
Overview During the course of the 3 clinical scenarios, you will be performing 3 different typres of point of care ultrasound scans to help you make a diagnosis.A brief overview of each scan is provided here. More details will be provided in subsequent sections. Cardiac POCUS Evaluation of the heart with cardiac pocus involves obtaining these 4 views: Parasternal Long Axis Parasternal Short Axis Apical 4 Chamber Subcostal 4 Chamber Lung Ultrasound The lung is scanned in 4 positions on each hemithorax: Right and Left Upper Anterior Chest Right and Left Upper Anterior Lateral Chest Right and Left Lower Anterior Chest Right and Left Lower Anterior Lateral Chest efast Scan eFAST scans are performed in the setting of trauma. The following images are acquired: Subcostal 4 Chamber View Lung Scans Right Upper Quadrant Abdominal Scan Left Upper Quadrant Abdominal Scan Pelvic Scans in Longitudinal and Transverse Planes PrevPreviousProbe NextPOCUS Cardiac…
Probe
Ultrasound probes 3 probes are commonly used for point of care ultrasound: Linear High Frequency Probe. Curvilinear Low Frequency Probe. Phased Array Cardiac Probe. Linear Probe: High Frequency Linear footprint Shallow Depths Good Image Resolution Superficial, Musculoskeletal Curvilinear Probe: Low Frequency Large Curved footprint Greater Depths 20-25cm Less Image Resolution Abdominal / Deep Structures Phased Array Probe: Low Frequency Small Square footprint Good Depth Penetration Triangular Sector Beam Fits between rib spaces Ideal for Cardiac More about ultrasound probes Each probe consists of the following parts: Probe Head: Contains the piezoelectric crystals that emit and receive reflected ultrasound waves. Piezoelectric crystals have the property of being able to convert electrical energy to vibration to produce sound waves and vice versa. Orientation Marker: All probes have an orientation marker that allows us to orientate probe positioning with the image on the screen. This is typically a notch on the probe or…
Introduction
Learning Objectives Apply point of care ultrasound in the context of clinical evaluation of a patient. Learn image acquisition for cardiac, lung and eFAST scans. Use findings from clinical history, physical examination and POCUS to make a diagnosis and plan management. Module Structure Pre-module Online Learning. Pre-module Briefing Virtual Reality Session. Post-Module Debriefing. Post-Module MCQs. VR Clinical Scenarios The VR Clinical Scenarios consist of 3 scenarios as follows: Patient presenting with chest pain following surgery. Patient presenting to EMD with shortness of breath and lower limb swelling. Polytrauma patient. You will play the role of the medical officer called to see the patient. Each scenario starts with background information given to you. You can treat this scenario as a real world situation, where you would normally proceed to evaluate the patient’s vitals, obtain a medical history, perform a physical examination and a point of care ultrasound scan. A final score…